First, I have to mention; I didn't learn anything about writing from book, mentor, teacher, etc, I never even write a short story before, therefore, I have no experience but I have some ideas because I recently start to write an amateurish scenario for a video game I want to develop. While I writing, I realized why I love particular books:
• The beginning of the story always has a mystery that the reader wants to find out.
For example: "run, John, run. or else you will be one of them" said James while desperately running...
This example makes you think "what do they running from?", "what happened so they had to run?", "are they running from zombies?", etc. Well, it seems another zombie BS but you want to find out the truth anyway.
• The beginning always start as it's a part of a story that continues but you don't know what happened before, therefore, it makes you wonder.
• There is always a flow of new information and mysteries to find out, therefore, it doesn't bore the reader(s).
For example: ...John tired of running, physically and mentally. They were running for days since the day after his 8th birthday. Why do they have to run? Why James really running from them exactly? For himself or for his brother because of the promise he gave to his parents?
They were always following the same route: The route that leads to a three-tower. "follow the 3, James. never forget it" said their father, "never lost each other. promise us, James. You will always be there for your little brother." said their mother. James looked at his brother who is in the arms of her mother sleeping because of the fatigue caused by the birthday party and seriously gave his word: "I promise!" like for a moment you would believe this 12 years old kid could overcome anything for his brother. Their mother surprised of the seriousness of the answer, but, she was happy, so their father. Tears escaped from her eyes, but James couldn't catch the meaning of it..."
• The setting of the story always have to be understandable in the beginning or else people get bored. In this story, we understand it's a story of brothers who running from something. We understand that they are trying to reach somewhere, probably the whole story is about their journey and surviving.
• Give information as a part of the story instead of sharing the information whenever you want.
For example: "...They were running for days since the day after his 8th birthday..." instead of "John is 8 years old".
This is also is a good opportunity to add an element to the story. By adding birthday I also added negative emotion.
• The main character(s) has to be someone who the reader(s) can care. Therefore, I used kids and a relationship of brothers. The main character(s) have to be someone who can be admirable. Therefore, James will be a brave brother who will take care of John. John will be a coward kid. John's cowardness will help me to develop the story and it will create a good opportunity for me to add emotional moments. The most reader will want them to survive, therefore, it will be a story of a surviving. Some reader will want them to die horribly but I'm not horrible, therefore, I may give these kinds of readers a sense of the forthcoming dead of character(s) from time to time. It will also add an element of negative emotion for those who care for these kids but they will survive, therefore, I will make them relief.
• The mystery has to be something interesting and it should be worth to learn for.
For example: ..."John couldn't understand why they had to run from them. "James! John! Come to my arms. Please! It's fine! We were wrong! You don't love me anymore?! Your own mother?!" John knew it is his mother but couldn't understand why he had to run from her.
A silhouette of a woman is trying to catch them. Nothing could stop her. She couldn't even slow down. She can just pass through everything. John couldn't recognize her face anymore. She became a shadow, so his father..."
Yeah, it's not another zombie stuff but ghosts? I don't even know what they are yet.
• The reason for everything have to make sense but the explanation has to be interesting. Solving logic fails is similar to playing chess with yourself.
The reason for why they become like a shadow being could be caused by an experiment of investigating dimensions. Their parents were part of scientists who were researching it. Somehow, they get sick or something to cause them stuck between dimensions. This sickness only passable by touching shadows. Therefore, they are running.
One of the thing that doesn't make sense is how could they run from a being which can pass through everything. They have to stop sometimes because they can't run forever. Therefore, these shadow beings (from now on I will call them "shadows") will disappear after a few minutes and get back randomly after a while, not so soon.
There is a problem about how the characters can understand when shadows get back. Maybe sudden darkness will indicate they are near, like, there will be darkness even though it's sunlit. It will get darker as they get close.
The last problem is how these kids survive? What they eat and drink? Well, there will be fruits everywhere at the beginning but later they will have to hunt. James knows how to take care of himself, but John not, therefore, he will learn. They will follow a river which they can hunt fish and drink water. Fish will be shadows, therefore, they will have to hunt another animal.
• The story has to develop constantly, therefore, sustain the new information flow.
• A story always needs a message (it doesn't have to be one message) that worth to learn for. I will use John to give a moral lesson about you can't grow as a person if someone holds your hand always. Therefore, James will become a shadow. John will learn to be brave and take care of himself.
• At this point, I don't know what will happen and is it worth to continue the story. Therefore, I first think about what should happen in the end, and then, what will happen in the middle of the story.
In the end, John's uncle may solve the shadow problem by fixing what went wrong with the experiment, therefore, they will learn what happened to the ancient civilization lived in this planet (yeah, the story take place in the far future which humans found a planet that can be habitable and they find out there was an ancient civilization lived there but their city was in ruins because of something recently happened but there were no bodies and no living things expect animals. scientists tried to learn what happened. maybe they found a device and therefore somehow they become shadows? the device is for changing dimensions?) In the end, John grows up faster than normal phase because of the exposure to shadow's darkness, therefore, he became a middle-aged man. With his uncle, they fix dimensions and they travel the dimension of where the ancient civilization went.
Then what will happen in the middle of the story? Well, James will die, John will learn to take care of himself, John will reach to the 3 tower (maybe shadows can't enter to the tower somehow?), John will meet with his uncle. he will explain why they were living outside of the towers (it turn out they are exiled because they knew they will be shadows but didn't know when), they suspected John is sick too (because they were exposed to the device when they were stranger to each other. they made James then John and after that they learned those who exposed of device become shadow, therefore, they thought these people' children will be shadow too but they will understand he won't be somehow), his uncle expected them to be shadow sooner, he didn't expect to meet with his nephew (last time he saw him he was a kid, now he is a young man).
What I do is connecting the beginning, the middle and the end somehow, while I make the connection, I add details to the story and voila! The troublesome part is, you may have to write the story over and over again to make these connection proper.
• I like diverse information, therefore, adding elements of love, action, relationships, mystery, etc. prevents the reader(s) from boredom. But of course, it had to be properly and necessarily made (e.g. harry potter). Thus, every type of reader can like it.
Why I dislike particular books:
• I despise unnecessarily used words which give unnecessary information in an unnecessary way. For example, some writers would write "the giant fireball which is seen by all, showing its unprepossessing face once again as expected" instead of writing "the sun was shining once again.". Ugh! Sometimes meanings don't even make sense, therefore, you have to understand these cryptic shits to continue the story. Yes/no, I'm aware they usually paid for per word.
• The flow of same information constantly.
Have you read Dune by Frank Herbert? There is a phrase which is constantly wrote something like "The woman planted the seed of fear in his/her mind". Ugh! If the book has 300 pages, this phrase only could fill the space of 30 pages and this is the not only phrase that wrote over and over again which is why I couldn't finish it.
• The story goes off the rail and it takes too long to return to rails.
Have you read Oblomov by Ivan Goncharov? Instead of sharing necessary information as a part of the story, the story constantly halts and sharing information about the characters and thoughts of Oblomov then continues. Sometimes it goes off enough to forget what was happening before.
• Unneccecarly extended details about a point that writer wants to make.
In Oblomov again, even though the point is obvious, the writer mentions something so unnecessarily detailed like it's interesting but in reality it's boring.
• Giving not enough information about the reality of the situation.
Have you read Neuromancer by William Gibson? This book is a perfect example of it.
For example, you may think the character is in the building walking around but somehow he is outside of the place and actually he is driving the car for hours? What? When? How?
• Deus ex machina.
Just, nope.
• Plot twist.
It's not okay if you try to make it interesting and/or surprise. It's only okay if you explain a part of the story which is not clear and you have to explain to give the particular information to clear the doubt (e.g. matrix).
Why I like particular books:
• It's straight to the point without BS.
• The writer can give a lot of information without unnecessarily using words.
• Using proper words wisely.
I think the information after the last two dots is must for every kind of writer.